Tampilkan postingan dengan label infertility. Tampilkan semua postingan
Tampilkan postingan dengan label infertility. Tampilkan semua postingan

Jumat, 17 April 2009

What is Infertility?

Author: peterhutch

Many people may be infertile during their reproductive years. They may be unaware of this because they are not seeking to create a pregnancy. On any one occasion, the chance of pregnancy is just one percent. About one in seven couples in the United States are infertile. Age, lifestyle and physical problems can all contribute to infertility.

Infertility Cancer and its treatment may sometimes put female survivors at risk for infertility. Infertility means not being able to get pregnant or maintain a pregnancy, usually after you have been trying for over a year. There are many different causes for infertility in cancer survivors. While it’s best to discuss your risk for infertility before treatment begins, there are still options for cancer survivors who may experience infertility as a result of cancer or its treatment.

Infertility affects approximately 10% of the population. Since infertility strikes diverse groups-affecting people from all socioeconomic levels and cutting across all racial, ethnic and religious lines- chances are great that a friend, relative, neighbor or perhaps you are attempting to cope with the medical and emotional aspects of infertility.

If you've been trying to conceive for more than a year, there's a chance that something may be interfering with your efforts to have a child. Infertility may be due to a single cause in either you or your partner, or a combination of factors that may prevent a pregnancy from occurring or continuing.

Infertility or possible infertility may affect you emotionally. If you want to have children, it’s perfectly understandable if thinking about being infertile makes you feel sad or upset. This document outlines the physical causes of infertility and options for survivors who may have difficulty having children. It does not explain how infertility can affect you emotionally, which is something you may want to discuss with a mental health professional.

Causes of infertility can be found in about 90% of infertility cases but, despite extensive tests, about 10% of couples will never know why they cannot conceive. Between 10 - 30% of cases of infertility have more than one cause. Male or female infertility each account for about 30 - 40% of cases. In men, sperm defects (their quality and quantity) are usually responsible. Female infertility is more complex.

Roughly one-third of infertility cases can be attributed to male factors and another one-third to factors that affect women. For the remaining infertile couples, infertility is caused by a combination of problems in both partners (about 13%) or is unexplained (about 10%). The most common causes of male infertility include azoospermia (no sperm cells are produced) and oligospermia (few sperm cells are produced). Sometimes, sperm cells are malformed or they die before they can reach the egg. In rare cases, male infertility is caused by a genetic disease such as cystic fibrosis or a chromosomal abnormality.

Infertility affects men and women equally. About one-third of the cases are due to a male factor, one-third to the female and the remaining to the combination of both partners. Causes of infertility include a wide range of physical as well as emotional factors. For a woman to be fertile, her reproductive organs must be healthy and functional. To conceive a child, the ovaries must release healthy eggs regularly and her reproductive tract must allow the eggs and sperm to pass into her fallopian tubes for a possible union.
peterhutch

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Kamis, 16 April 2009

Tanaman Obat Indonesia Ginjean


(Leonurus sibiricus L.)

Sinonim :
= L. artemisia (Lour.) S.YHU. = L. heterophyllus, Sweet.

Familia :
Labiatae .

Uraian :
Herba ini tumbuh liar di pinggiran kota, sepanjang aliran air, di semak-semak, kadang ditanam di kebun. Tanaman ini dapat ditemukan dari dataran rendah sampai 2.000 m dpi. Terna semusim, tumbuh tegak, berambut, tinggi 60-100 cm. Batang berongga, beralur, beruas, bercabang, warnanya hijau. Daun tunggal, bentuk menjari, tepi bergerigi, ujung dan pangkalnya runcing, panjang 4-12 cm, lebar 5-14 cm, letak berhadapan bersilang, warnanya hijau. Bunga tersusun dalam karangan semu yang terdapat pada ketiak daun. Kelopak bergigi tajam, warnanya putih atau lembayung. Buahnya buah kotak, beruang 2- 4, coklat kehitaman. Biji berbentuk segitiga, kecil, warnanya hitam. Akarnya akar tunggang. Yang dimaksud dengan herba leonuri atau I mu cao dan dikenal juga dengan nama chongwei adalah tanaman yang berkhasiat sama dari tanaman yang bernama L.sibiricus, L.heterophyllus, L.artemisia atau L. turkestanicus V.Krecz.et Kuprian.

Nama Lokal :
Padang derman, dendereman (Sunda), seranting (Sumatera). ; Ginjean, ginjeran (Jawa). gofu hairan roriha (Ternate), ; Laranga kohori (Tidore).;

Penyakit Yang Dapat Diobati :
Haid tidak teratur, radang ginjal, bengkak, kencing berdarah; Rabun senja, radang mata, hipertensi, keputihan, terlambat haid;

Pemanfaatan :
BAGIAN YANG DIPAKAI:
Seluruh tanaman atau buah, pemakaian segar atau yang telah dikeringkan.

KEGUNAAN:
Seluruh herba:
- Haid tidak teratur (Menstrual irregularities).
- Tidak datang haid (amenorrhea).
- Nyeri sewaktu haid (dysmenorrhea), Haid terlalu banyak.
- Menghilangkan gumpalan darah setelah melahirkan (Post-parturn
haematoma)
- Radang ginjal (nephritis).
- Bengkak (edema).
- Kencing sedikit (oliguria), kencing berdarah (hematuria).
- Badan terasa lemah (General weakness).
- Tidak subur (infertility) pada wanita.
- Rabun senja, radang mata (conjunctivitis).
- Darah tinggi. Pengerasan pembuluh darah (arteriosclerosis).

Biji:
- Tekanan darah tinggi.
- Keputihan.
- Terlambat haid.

PEMAKAIAN:
Untuk minum:
Seluruh tanaman: 1-30 g,
biji: 5-15 g, rebus.
Pemakaian luar: Herba segar setelah dicuci bersih 1alu digiling halus, atau yang telah dijadikan bubuk, dibubuhkan pada borok dan radang kulit bernanah.

CARA PEMAKAIAN:
1. Haid tidak teratur, nyeri sewaktu haid, Peranakan (uterus) tidak
mengecil sempurna setelah malahirkan atau setelah dikuret
(currattage):
Ginjean dan Millettia reticulata masing-masing 60 g, dicuci dan
dipotong-potong seperlunya. Tambahkan gula merah secukupnya
lalu direbus dengan 3 gelas air sampai tersisa 1 1/2 gelas.
Setelah dingin disaring, minum. Sehari 2 x 3/4 gelas.

2. Haid tidak teratur, darah haid berlebihan, perdarahan setelah
melahirkan, Peranakan tidak mengecil sempurna setelah melahirkan:
15-20 g ginjean dicuci bersih lalu direbus dengan 3 gelas air sampai
tersisa 1 1/2 gelas. Setelah dingin disaring, lalu diminum. Sehari 2 x
3/4 gelas.

3. Nyeri haid:
20 g ginlean kering dan 10 g Corydalis ambigua (yen hu so) kering
direbus dengan 3 gelas air bersih sampai tersisa 1 1/2 gelas.Setelah dingin disaring, minum. Sehari 2 x 3/4 gelas. Minum selama haid.

4. Radang ginjal akut (Glomerulonephritis akut) dan bengkak:
180-240 g ginjean segar setelah dicuci bersih lalu direbus dengan
700 cc air bersih sampai tersisa 300 cc. Setelah dingin disaring,
minum. Sehari 2 x 1 1/2 gelas.

5. Badan terasa lemah dan tidak subur pada wanita:
30-60 g ginjean segar dicuci bersih, rebus dengan telur atau ayam.
Setelah dingin dimakan.

6. Peluruh haid:
10 g serbuk biji ginjean diseduh dengan 1 cangkir air panas,
tambahkan 1 sendok makan madu lalu diaduk sampai merata.
Setelah dingin diminum sekaligus.

CATATAN :
- Herba leonuri tidak beracun, pemakaian lama lidak menimbulkan efek
samping.
- Buah beracun. Pemakaian sebanyak 30 gram dapat menyebabkan
keracunan dalam 4-6 jam. Tanda-tanda keracunan akan timbul dalam
12-48 jam setelah total pemakaian sebanyak 60-140 gram.
- Gejala keracunan buah: Rasa lemah seluruh badan, kaki sukar
digerakkan, rasa kering dan rasa sesak di dada. Pada kasus yang
sangat berat tampak keringat sangat banyak dan lemah tak berdaya.
- Wanita hamil dilarang memakai tanaman obat ini.
Komposisi :
SIFAT KIMIAWI DAN EFEK FARMAKOLOGIS: Herba: Pahit, pedas, sejuk. Melancarkan sirkulasi, membuat haid menjadi teratur, peluruh kencing (diuretik), menghilangkan pembengkakan dan menciutkan rahim. Buah : Manis, sejuk, beracun. Biji: Manis, pedas. Memperbaiki penglihatan, peluruh haid (emenagog), peluruh kencing (diuretik), melebarkan pembuluh darah (vasodilator). KANDUNGAN KIMIA: 1. L.sibiricus: Leonurine, stachydrine, leonuridine, leonurinine, rutin, benzoic acid, lauric acid, linolenic acid, oleic acid, arginine, 4-guanidino-1-butanol, 4-guanidinobutytic acid, sterol, stachyose, vitamin A dan potassium chloride. 2. L.heterophyllus: Leonurine A, leonurine B, stachydrine, lauric acid, oleic acid. Buah (Leonuri fructus): Mengandung leonurinine C10 HI4 O3 N2, alkaloid I,II dan Ill, oleic acid, linoleic acid dan vitamin A.
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